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Materiais dos Mini cursos

12/04/2013 11:14

Mini cursos

Atenção abaixo estão os exercícios e teorias apresentados nos mini cursos ministrados na Cia Cultural. Quanto a ordem procurar por titulos o de seu interesse. Duvidas falar com Rita (3231 5248) ou na escola.

VERB TO BE (ser e estar) – PRESENT

Full and contract Full form Negative ?
I am - I’m	I am not	I’m not	Am I?
He is - He’s	He is not	He isn’t	Is he?
She is - She’s	She is not	She isn’t	Is she?
It is - It’s	It is not	It isn’t	Is it?
We are - We’re	We are not	We aren’t	Are we?
You are - You’re	You are not	You aren’t	Are you?
They are - They’re	They are not	They aren’t	Are they?

Full form Tradução

I	am	a teacher.	Eu sou um(a) professor(a).
He	is	a bad boy.	Ele é um garoto mal.
She	is	a journalist.	Ela é uma jornalista.
It	is	a notebook.	Isto/este é um caderno.
We	are	mechanics.	Nós somos mecânicos.
You	are	pilots.	Vocês são pilotos.
They	are	policemen	Eles (as) são policiais.

Exercises

1.0 - Choose the correct form of the verb to be - am/is/are.

It ______hot today.
I ______at home now.
He is ______ Brasilian.
There ______ a pen on the desk.
My name _______ Maesla.
We _______ from Ukraine.
___________ you hungry?
_________ they teachers?
__________ I ugly?

2.0 – Put these phrases in the contract and negative form:

a) She is a bad girl. _____________________________________ - ______________________________________.

b) We are hungry. ______________________________________ - __________________________________________.

c) Cauê is late. ___________________________________________ - ___________________________________________.

d) They are Spanish. _______________________________________ - ________________________________________________.

e) He is German. _______________________________________ - _______________________________________________.

f) He is 25 years old. _______________________________________ - _______________________________________________.

3.0 - Put the words in the correct order to make positive sentences with the verb to be.

1 years twenty-five I old. am ________________________________

2 Venezuela. from We are ___________________________________

3 is Anton student. My name a I'm and _________________________

4 This my is book. ________________________________________

5 a nice It's today. day _____________________________________

4.0 - Complete the text with the verb to be in the affirmative sentence: am; is; are.

Hi, I am Matielo. I ____ thirty years old. I ____ a French teacher, and I love French. My favourite sports _______ soccer and tennis. My father _____ José and my mother _____ Maria. My favourite colour _____ blue and my favourite fruit _____ orange.

a) What’s his name? ____________________________________________________

b) How old is he? ____________________________________________________

c) What are his favourite sports? ____________________________________________________

5.0 – Put these phrases in the interrogative form:

Affimative form: You are a waiter.

(Você é um garçom.)

Interrogative form: Are you a waiter?

(Você é um garçom?)

They are friends of mine. (Eles são meus amigos.)

________________________________________________________

He is in the kitchen. (Ele está na cozinha.)

________________________________________________________

Miriã is not happy. (Miriã não está feliz.)

________________________________________________________

It is not correct. [(Isto) Não está certo.]

________________________________________________________

He is a good boy. (Ele é um bom garoto.)

_________________________________________________________

Joana and José are students. (Joana e José são estudantes).

_________________________________________________________

Mini curso - Present perfect

1. Conjugação (verbo de exemplo ‘stop'):

I/you/we/they have stopped………………………………He/she/it has stopped

As contrações são: I've, you've, we've, they've, he's, she's, it's

2. Usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" para nos referirmos a algo que aconteceu no passado, mas que mantém algum tipo de conexão com o presente. O verbo principal encontra-se no "Past Participle". Quando usamos o "Present Perfect", estamos pensando no passado e no presente ao mesmo tempo, tanto que podemos modificar uma sentença no "Present Perfect", transformando-a em uma frase no "Simple Present" sem alterar seu sentido. Veja: I've broken my arm. (=My arm is broken now.)

3. O "Present Perfect Tense", porém, não é usado quando não nos referimos ao presente:

I missed the bus yesterday. ( e não I have missed the bus yesterday)

4. O "Present Perfect Tense" também é usado quando nos referimos às consequências que ações consumadas têm no presente:

Suzy has had a baby. [Isto significa que, agora (em virtude de uma ação passada), Suzy tem um filho.]
George has shot his girlfriend. [Isto significa que, agora (em virtude de uma ação passada), a namorada de George está morta.]

5. Também usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" para afirmarmos e/ou perguntarmos/negarmos se algo já aconteceu alguma vez, se já aconteceu antes, se nunca aconteceu, se aconteceu até certa data, se não aconteceu até certo período, se algo ainda não aconteceu. Alguns exemplos (note que a tradução dos exemplos é impossível de ser feita conservando-se as nuances do tempo, particular à língua inglesa):

Have you ever seen Elvis Presley? (=você já viu, alguma vez, o Elvis?)
I've never seen Elvis Presley. (=eu nunca vi Elvis Presley)
I think I've already done it. (=eu acho que eu já fiz isso)
He has written ‘shut up' for one hour. (=ele escreveu ‘shut up' durante uma hora)
Has Lyndon come yet? (=o Lyndon já veio?)

6. O "Present Perfect Tense" pode indicar ações que tiveram início no passado e vêm acontecendo até o presente: I've studied mathematics for years. (=eu venho estudando matemática por muitos anos)
I've tried to call you since two o'clock. (=tenho tentado te ligar desde as duas horas)
She's known him since 1897. (e nunca She knows him since 1897)

7. Nunca usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" em sentenças em que existam advérbios de tempo definido, tais como yesterday, last week, then, twenty years ago, in 1764 etc.

8. Quando queremos nos referir a ações que começaram no passado e ainda continuam acontecendo, podemos lançar mão de um outro tipo de construção, além do próprio "Present Perfect Tense", chamada "Present Perfect Progressive". Sua forma se dá da seguinte maneira:

We've been studying since eight o'clock in the morning. (=estamos estudando desde as oito horas da manhã) Porém, damos preferência ao "Present Perfect Tense" quando nos referimos a ações mais permanentes e/ou duradouras. O "Present Perfect Progressive" é preferível quando as ações são mais efêmeras:

That man's been standing there all day long.
That huge castle's stood there for 1200 years.

LISTA DE ALGUNS VERBOS IRREGULARES

To be, was/ were, been= ser,estar To become, became, become= tornar-se

To begin, began, begun= começar, iniciar To bring, brought, brought= trazer

To buy, bought, bought= comprar

To choose, chose, chosen= escolher

To come, came, come= vir

To do, did, done= fazer

To eat, ate, eaten= comer

To find, found, found= achar

To give, gave, given= dar

To go, went, gone= ir

To have, had, had= ter

To leave, left, left= partir, deixar

To make, made, made= fazer

to run, ran, run= correr

to say, said, said= dizer

to see, saw, seen= ver

to sell, sold, sold= vender

to sleep, slept, slept= dormer

to speak, spoke, spoken= falar

Exercises

1.0 - Write the participle form of the following verbs.

go ________________ sing _____________be _____________buy ____________do _________

2.0 - Complete the table in present perfect simple.

positive	negative	question
He has written a letter.
	They have not stopped.
		Have we danced?
She has worked.
	Andy has not slept.

3.0 - Write sentences in present perfect simple.

1. they / ask / a question _____________________________________________________

2. he / speak / English _____________________________________________________

3. I / be / in my room _____________________________________________________

4. we / not / wash / the car _____________________________________________________

5. Annie / not / forget / her homework _______________________________________________

4.0 - Write questions in present perfect simple.

1. they / finish / their homework _____________________________________________________

2. Sue / kiss / Ben _____________________________________________________

3. the waiter / bring / the tea _____________________________________________________

4. Marilyn / pay / the bill _____________________________________________________

5. you / ever / write / a poem _____________________________________________________

5.0 - Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.

1. They have talked about art at school. _______________________________________________

2. Jane has got a letter. _____________________________________________________

3. Oliver has cooked dinner. ___________________________________________________

4. Caron has read seven pages. ________________________________________________

5. You have heard the song 100 times. ___________________________________________

Mini – curso	Present Continuous
Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative

	I'm sleeping You're sleeping He's sleeping She's sleeping It's sleeping We're sleeping You're sleeping They're sleeping	I'm not sleeping You aren't sleeping He isn't sleeping She isn't sleeping It isn't sleeping We aren't sleeping You aren't sleeping They aren't sleeping	Am I sleeping? Are you sleeping? Is he sleeping? Is she sleeping? Is it sleeping? Are we sleeping? Are you sleeping? Are they sleeping?
Uses			Examples
Actions that are happening now Ações que estão ocorrendo neste exato momento (normalmente acompanhado de adverbios como: now, at the moment, today, etc)			What are you doing? We are watching a horror film. I’m leaving now.
Actions that are happening at present, but not necessarily at this moment . Ações que estão ocorrendo no presente ainda que não necessariamente neste exato momento (normalmente acompanhados de adverbios como: these days, this year, etc)			I'm studying French at the Escuela de Idiomas this year. I’m looking for a job at the moment.
Future arrangements Planos (próximos) futuros			Saray and I are having a birthday party together next weekend
Habitual actions with a negative sense. Ações que se repetem habitualmente más que são mensionadas no sentido negativo (com o adverbio de frequência always)			My little brother is always crying

EXERCISES

1.0 – Write the –ing forms of these verbs.

* Rain – raining - work __________________ eat ___________________ read _____________ clean _______________do ____________________ look ______________ walk _______________ teach _________________ spend ______________ speak ____________ study _________________ ask _________________ kiss _____________ jump _________________

* leave – leaving - shine _________________ write ___________________ come _________________ dance _______________ make ______________ have _________________ drive ________________ like ________________

* put – putting – swim – swimming – sit ______________ stop____________ run __________________ jog _______________________ get ___________

* die – dying – lie ________________________

2.0 - Choose the correct forms of to be and form sentences in the Present Progressive.

1) Ana Paula and Maesla__________________ cleaning the kitchen.

2) I ___________________ reading a book at the moment.

3) It ____________________ raining.

4) We ___________________ singing a new song.

5) The children ___________________ watching TV.

6) My pets _____________________ sleeping now.

7) Aunt Helen ___________________ feeding the ducks.

9) He ______________________ buying a magazine.

10) They ______________________ doing their homework.

3.0 Complete as frases com os verbos no Present Continuous (ex. am doing, is eating).Exemplo:Charles is doing (do) his homework.
»	The children ___________________₁ (play) in the garden.
»	She _________________________₂ (drive) fast today.
»	They ____________________₃ (not talk) to each other today.
»	Be quiet please. The baby_________________________₄ (sleep).
»	At the moment my wife _________________________₅ (feed) the dogs and ______________________₆ (water) the plants.
»	Why________________________₇ (you read) the letter again? Because _________________________₈ (check) for spelling mistakes.
»	The sky ____________________₉ (get) dark. You'd better take an umbrella.
»	John _________________________________₁₀ (not study) at the moment. He ______________________________________₁₁(read) a comic book.
»	Where is Carla? She_____________________₁₂ (sit) in the living room. What__________________₁₃ (she do)? She ____________________₁₄ (watch) television.

4.0 Put the verb in brackets in the correct form to make different form of the Present Continuous Tense.

1. Renato __________________ (read) a book now.

2. What__________________ (you do) tonight?

3. Matielo and Michele __________________ (work) late today.

4. Lilian __________________ (not listen) to music.

5. Alice __________________ (sit) next to Paul.

6. How many other students __________________ (you study) with?

7. The phone__________________ (not ring).

Mini curso – Verb to Can

"Can" is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to express ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show possibility or impossibility. Examples:

· I can ride a horse. ability

· We can stay with my brother when we are in Paris. opportunity

· She cannot stay out after 10 PM. permission

· Can you hand me the stapler? request

· Any child can grow up to be president. possibility

A CONJUGAÇÃO DO VERBO CAN É SEMPRE IGUAL, PARA TODAS AS PESSOAS NO PRESENT TENSE:
I CAN = EU POSSO
YOU CAN = VOCÊ, VOCÊS PODEM
HE CAN = ELE PODE
SHE CAN = ELA PODE
IT CAN = (ELE OU ELA) PODE
WE CAN = NÓS PODEMOS
THEY CAN = (ELES OU ELAS) PODEM

*affirmative sentence*	*negative sentence*	*question*
I can play tennis.	I cannot (can’t) play tennis.	Can I play tennis?
He can play tennis.	He cannot (can’t) play tennis.	Can he play tennis?
They can play tennis.	They cannot (can’t) play tennis.	Can they play tennis?

Exercises

1.0- Completa con can o can't.

Parte superior do formulário

1. Where ___________ I see a good rock concert?

2. Can Lisa speak French? No, she__________________

3. What______________ you do? I ___________ dance.

4. Can Maesla drive a car? Yes, she ___________

5. Where___________ I buy a new camera?

6. ___________ you read in Portuguese? Yes, I _______________

7. Can I invite my friends? Yes, they ___________ come.

8. ___________you help me, please?

9. ___________ you play the piano?

10. I ___________ find my keys. Where are they?

11. _______________ I help you? No, I ______________

12. __________ you fly? No, I _______________

13. They ______________ dance and you _______________ dance very good.

14. I have a car but I _________________ drive a car.

15. He _________________ dance. And she ___________ sing very good.

3.0 - Put the words in the correct order.

1 bag? my Can me find help you

_______________________________________________________________

2 she dance Can?

______________________________________________________________

3 she come the to party? Can

_______________________________________________________________

4 play you Can the piano?

_______________________________________________________________

4.0 - Add can or can't to the following sentences.

Example: You can speak English.

1. Monkeys_________________ talk.

2. Pigs__________________________ fly.

3. I _________________________ play the piano., but Cory can't.

4. You ___________________ go on vacation. It's too expensive.

5._______________I borrow some money?

6. I don't know the answer. ________________ you tell me?

7. Ronian ___________________ come tonight, he's too busy.

8. Marcos makes great food. He________________ cook really well.

9. Excuse me, we ________________________ see the movie.

10. It's too noisy. We _____________________ study well.

5.0 - Fill in the blanks with can or can't.
Parte superior do formulário

1. The boy ____ run because his leg is broken.
2. She ____ go to the store after lunch. Let's eat.
3. ____ you get the door for me please? My hands are full.
4. They ____ be happily married because they are always fighting.
5. That boy ____ have written this essay. He doesn't have the skills.
6. We ____ go to the movies tomorrow night. Let's stay in tonight.
7. Mom, ___ I watch the football match on TV?
8. Can I go to Steve's tonight after dinner? No, you ____.
9. He's a smart boy. He ____ do multiplication tables and he's only 5.
10. You ____ be serious. There's no way we will finish by then!

Parte inferior do formulário

Review - Simple present tense

Affirmative	Question	Negative
I work You work He/she/it works We work They work	Do I work …? Do You work …? Does He/she/it work…? Do We work …? Do They work…?	I don’t work You don’t work He/she/it doesn’t work We don’t work They don’t work
Most verbs add –s to infinitive Work – works / Sit – sits / Stay – stays
Verbs ending in consonant + y: cry – cries / hurry – hurries / Replay – replies Change y to i and add – es
Verbs ending in s, z, ch or x miss – misses / Buzz – buzzes/ Watch – watches / Push – pushes / Fix – fixes
Exceptions – have – has go – goes do- does

Exercises

1.0 - Write the he/she/it form of there verbs

Repair _______________ love _______________ do ___________ buy ____________

Watch _________________ have ________________ think ____________ go _______

Read _________________ listen______________ push _____________ kiss_________

Like __________________ love_______________ teach _____________ wash________

2.0 - Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of these verbs:

Boil – close – cost – cost – drink – go – have – like – meet – open – speak – teach – wash

1) She’s very smart. She ___________ four languages.

2) Steve _________________ four cups of coffee a day.

3) We usually _______________ dinner at 7 o’clock.

4) I ______________ movies. I often ____________ to the movies with my friends.

5) Water ______________ at 100 degrees Celsius.

6) In my hometown the banks ________________ at 9:00 in the morning.

7) The city Museum ___________ at 5:00 o’ clock on Saturdays.

8) Food is expensive. It ______________ a lot of money.

9) Shoes are expensive. They _______________ a lot of money.

10) Sue is a teacher. She __________ math to young children.

11) Your job is very interesting. You _____________ a lot of people.

12) Peter ___________________ his hair every day.

13) An insect _____________ six legs.

3.0 - You are asking somebody questions. Write questions with Do / Does..?

1) I work hard. How about you _______________________________ ?

2) I play tennis. How about you _______________________________ ?

3) I play tennis. How about Anny_______________________________ ?

4) I know the answers. How about you _______________________________ ?

5) I like hot weather. How about you ____________________________ ?

6) My father drinks coffee. How about your father______________________________ ?

7) I speak English. How about your friends _______________________________ ?

4.0 - Write positive or negative short answers (yes, he does / No, I don’t...)

1.0 – Do you drive a car? ________________________________

2.0 – Do you live in a big city? ___________________________

3.0 – Do you have a cold? ________________________________

4.0 – Does your sister speak English? _________________________

5.0 – Do you play a musical instrument? __________________________

6.0 – Does it rain a lot where you live? ______________________________

VERB TO BE (ser e estar) – PRESENT

Full and contract Full form Negative ?
I am - I’m	I am not	I’m not	Am I?
He is - He’s	He is not	He isn’t	Is he?
She is - She’s	She is not	She isn’t	Is she?
It is - It’s	It is not	It isn’t	Is it?
We are - We’re	We are not	We aren’t	Are we?
You are - You’re	You are not	You aren’t	Are you?
They are - They’re	They are not	They aren’t	Are they?

Full form Tradução

I	am	a good student.	Eu sou uma bom aluno.
He	is	a engineer.	Ele é um engenheiro.
She	is	a good teacher.	Ela é uma boa professora.
It	is	a monster.	Isto/este é um monstro.
We	are	happy.	Nós estamos felizes.
You	are	doctors.	Vocês são medicos (as).
They	are	musicians.	Eles (as) são músicos (as).

1.0 – Put these phrases in the contract form:

I am	a student.
He is	a teacher.
She is	a journalist.
It is	a book.
We are	mechanics.
You are	pilots.
They are	policemen

2.0 - Choose the correct form of the verb to be - am/is/are.

It ______ a big dog.
I ______at home.
They ______ Korean.
There ______ a pencil on the desk.
My name _______ Brenda.
We _______ from Brazil.
She_________ a Spanish teacher.
We __________ champions.
You __________ my best students.

10. He__________ my friend.

11. She _________ beautiful.

3.0 – Put these phrases in the contract and negative form:

a) She is a happy teacher _____________________________________ - ______________________________________.

b) Alice is late. _____________________________________________ - ___________________________________________.

d) They are Americans. _____________________________________ - ________________________________________________.

e) He is German. _______________________________________ - _______________________________________________.

f) She is 16 years old. _______________________________________ - _______________________________________________.

4.0 - Put the words in the correct order to make positive sentences with the verb to be.

1 years twenty-five I old. am ________________________________

2 Venezuela. from We are ___________________________________

3 is Raphael student. My name a I'm and ________________________

4 This my is book. ________________________________________

5 a nice It's today. day _____________________________________

5.0 - Complete the text with the verb to be in the affirmative sentence: am; is; are.

Hi, I am Ana Paula. I ____ sixteen years old. I ____ a student, and I love English. My favourite sports ____ football and cricket. My father _____ José and my mother _____ Maria. My favourite colour _____ blue and my favourite fruit _____ orange. I love my teacher.

a) What’s her name? ____________________________________________________

b) How old is she? ____________________________________________________

c) What are her favourite sports? ____________________________________________________

6.0 – Put these phrases in the interrogative form:

Affimative form: You are a waiter. (Você é um garçom.)

Interrogative form: Are you a waiter? (Você é um garçom?)

She is in the bedroom. (Ela está no quarto.)

________________________________________________________

Nortan is not happy. (Nortan não está feliz.)

________________________________________________________

It is not correct. (Isto) Não está certo.

________________________________________________________

He is a bad boy. (Ele é um mal garoto.)

_________________________________________________________

Questions – interview

1) How are you today?

2) How old are you?

3) What’s your complete name?

4) Where are you from?

5) Where do you live in Uberlândia?

6) What’s your favourite program?

7) Do you like play soccer?

8) Do you like chocolate?

9) Do you like English?

10) What’s your mother’s name?

11) What’s your father’s name?

12) Do you like play volleyball?

13) When is your birthday?

14) When do you have English classes?

15) Do you have brothers or sisters?

16) How many friends do you have?

17) Who is your best friend?

18) What do you hate?

19) What do you love?

20) What do you eat in the morning?

21) What do you eat in the night?

SIMPLE PAST - O tempo verbal Simple Past corresponde ao Passado Simples em português. Neste caso costumamos acompanhar o verbo com advérbios ou expressões de frequência que dão maior especificidade à ideia da frase,como YESTERDAY (ontem) , , last ... (na última...), ago (atrás), in .... (em...), e etc.

Casos especiais -*1º caso especial: verbos terminados em Y. Eles têm 2 possibilidades: Y precedido de VOGAL acrescenta ED – play – played – Y precedido de CONSOANTE retira-se o Y acrescenta IED – try – tried

*O 2º caso é o dos verbos terminados em -E, neles nós simplesmente acrescentamos o -D: love – loved *O 3º caso especial é o dos verbos terminados em consoante+vogal+consoante, cuja sílaba tônica é a última, dobra a consoante antes de acrescentar o -ed: Occur: occurred *Nos demais casos, acrescenta-se simplesmente -ed: Work: worked

ESTRUTURA DAS SENTENÇAS AFIRMATIVAS PARA VERBOS IRREGULARES - O verbo é irregular quando, ao ser conjugado, por exemplo, ele muda toda a sua estrutura. Nesse caso, para ele ficar no passado, temos que consultar uma lista de verbos para, depois, através do uso, ir memorizando. Alguns verbos irregulares com os respectivos passados:

INFINITIVO	PASSADO	TO LAY	LAID
TO AWAKE	AWOKE	TO SEE	SAW
TO BUY	BOUGHT	TO RING	RANG
TO FORGET	FORGOT	TO UNDERSTAND	UNDERSTOOD

Exemplos: I forgot my keys. (Eu esqueci as chaves.) I saw you yesterday at the bus station. (Eu te vi ontem no ponto de ônibus.)

ESTRUTURA DAS SENTENÇAS NEGATIVAS DOS VERBOS REGULARES E IRREGULARES - Para escrever uma sentença negativa no Simple Past utiliza-se o verbo auxiliar did + not – mais utilizado na escrita, pois é formal – ou sua forma contracta didn’t – mais utilizada na fala, pois é informal – antes da forma básica do verbo sem o to, exemplo:1-I did not buy the piano yesterday. (Eu não toquei piano ontem.)2-My parents didn’t travel to Porto Seguro last year. (Meus pais não viajaram para Porto Seguro no ano passado.)Ao colocar a sentença na negativa, é interessante observar que como o verbo auxiliar na negativa, o didn’t, já está no passado (pois é o passado de do), o verbo principal não tem a terminação –ed.

ESTRUTURA DAS SENTENÇAS INTERROGATIVAS DOS VERBOS REGULARES E IRREGULARES -Na forma interrogativa do Simple Past utiliza-se o verbo auxiliar did antes do sujeito na frase. Note que o verbo principal fica na sua forma básica sem o to e sem -ed, pois o verbo auxiliar já se encontra no passado. Observe o exemplo:1-Did you run yesterday? (Você correu ontem?)2-Did Mariah watch Harry Potter last week? (A Mariah assistiu Harry Potter semana passada?)

AFIRMATIVO	NEGATIVO	INTERROGATIVO
I worked	I didn’t work	Did I work ...?
You worked	You didn’t work	Did you work ...?
He worked	He didn’t work	Did he work ...?
She worked	She didn’t work	Did she work ...?
It worked	It didn’t work	Did it work ...?
We worked	We didn’t work	Did we work...?
You worked	You didn’t work	Did you work ...?
They worked	They didn’t work	Did they work ...?

EXERCISES

1.0- Put the verbs into the correct form (simple past).

1. Last year I (spend) __________________ my holiday in Ireland.

2. It (be) _______________ great.

3. I (travel) ______________ around by car with two friends and we (visit)______________ lots of interesting places.

4. In the evenings we usually (go) _____________ to a pub.

5. One night we even (learn) _______________ some Irish dances.

6. We (be) ________________ very lucky with the weather.

7. It (not / rain) _______________________ a lot.

8. But we (see) ______________ some beautiful rainbows.

9. Where (spend / you) ______________ your last holiday?

2.0 – Write questions:

1. Anna / the window / open _____________________________________________________

2. she / home / walk ____________________________________________________________

3. you / in the garden / work ______________________________________________________

4. she / on a chair / sit ___________________________________________________________

5. you / a song / sing ____________________________________________________________

6. she / happy / be ______________________________________________________________

3.0 – Rewrite the sentences in the negative.

1. They collected postcards ___________________________________________

2. You jumped high. ________________________________________________

3. Albert played squash______________________________________________

4. The teacher tested our English. _____________________________________

5. Fiona visited her grandma. _________________________________________

6. He washed the car. _______________________________________________

7. You were thirsty. _________________________________________________

8. He had a computer. ______________________________________________

9. I bought Bread___________________________________________________

10. You saw the house. ______________________________________________

11. You collected postcards___________________________________________

12. He jumped. ________________________________________________

13. Ana played squash______________________________________________

14. The doctot tested our spanish. _____________________________________

15. Maesla visited her grandpa. ________________________________________

16. She washed the bike.______________________________________________

17. They were thirsty. ________________________________________________

PRESENT PERFECT - O presente perfeito é marcado pela forma:

Sujeito + have/has + verbo principal no particípio + complemento.
Susan has been to England. (Susan esteve na Inglaterra).

O presente perfeito pode ser usado para indicar:

1- Ações que começaram no passado e continuam até o presente.

She has worked at the hospital since April. (Ela trabalha/ tem trabalhado no hospital desde abril).
I have exercised at the gym lately. (Eu tenho me exercitado na academia ultimamente).
They have organized their wedding. (Eles têm organizado o casamento deles).

2- Ações que ocorreram em um tempo não determinado (indefinido) no passado.

I have been to the U.S.A. (Eu estive nos E.U.A.)
She has traveled to England. (Ela viajou para a Inglaterra).
You have made a delicious apple pie. (Você fez uma torta de maçã deliciosa).

3- Ações que acabaram de acontecer.

They have just left. (Eles acabaram de sair).
Jane has just made the lunch. (Jane acabou de preparar o almoço).
I have just done the dishes. (Acabei de lavar a louça).

Para as frases negativas, basta acrescentar o “not” após “have/has”. E nas frases interrogativas, basta colocar o “have/has” no início da frase.

Negativa	Interrogativa
I have not / I haven’t	Have I …?
You have not / you haven’t	Have you…?
He has not / he hasn’t	Has he…?
She has not / she hasn’t	Has she…?
It has not / it hasn’t	Has it…?
We have not / we haven’t	Have we…?
You have not / you haven’t	Have you…?
They have not / they haven’t	Have they…?

Ex.: She hasn’t organized the house. (Ela não organizou a casa).
They haven’t painted their house yet. (Eles ainda não pintaram a casa deles).

Has she called Susan? (Ela ligou para a Susan?).
Has he watched a lot of movies? (Ele assistiu a muitos filmes?)

Exercises

1.0 - Write sentences in present perfect simple.

they / ask / a question __________________________________________

he / speak / English ____________________________________________

I / be / in my room _____________________________________________

we / not / wash / the car ________________________________________

Annie / not / forget / her homework ________________________________

2.0 - Write questions in present perfect simple.

they / finish / their homework ___________________________________

Sue / kiss / Ben ______________________________________________

the waiter / bring / the tea ______________________________________

Marilyn / pay / the bill _________________________________________

you / ever / write / a poem ______________________________________

3.0 - Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.

They have talked about art at school. _______________________________________________
Jane has got a letter. _____________________________________________________
Oliver has cooked dinner. _____________________________________________________
Caron has read seven pages. _____________________________________________________
You have heard the song 100 times. ________________________________________________

4.0 - Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect.
Example: I _____________ my father's car. (to wash) Answer: I have washed my father's car.

1) Karen________________________ me an e-mail. (to send)

2) Dave and Pat___________________ the museum. (to visit)

3) I _____________________ at the pet shop. (to be)

4) They_____________ already _____________ their rucksacks. (to pack)

5) Marcus______________ an accident. (to have)

6) We _________________ the shopping for our grandmother. (to do)

7) I_____________ just_____________ my bike. (to clean)

8) Ana Paula___________________ her room. (to paint)

9) Maesla and Gabriel _________________________ to a concert. (to go)

10) My friends________________________ smoking. (to give up)

5.0 - Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.

1. Wendel has built a house.________________________________________

2. Alice has crossed the street at the traffic lights.

_______________________________________________________________

3. They have never been to Australia. _____________________________

4. Rupert has dialled the number.

_______________________________________________________________

5. Betty has spent 200 euros at the shopping mall.

_______________________________________________________________

Past perfect - The past perfect simple expresses an action taking place before a certain time in the past.

Form of Past Perfect Simple

	Positive	Negative	Question
no differences	I had spoken.	I had not spoken.	Had I spoken?

For irregular verbs, use the past participle form (see list of irregular verbs, 3rd column). For regular verbs, just add ed.

Exceptions in Spelling when Adding ed

Exceptions in Spelling when Adding ed	Example
after final e, only add d	love – loved
final consonant after a short, stressed vowel or l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled	admit – admitted travel – travelled
final y after a consonant becomes i	hurry – hurried

Use of Past Perfect

§ action taking place before a certain time in the past
(putting emphasis only on the fact, not the duration)

Example: Before I came here, I had spoken to Jack.

§ Conditional Sentences Type III (condition that was not given in the past)

Example: If I had seen him, I would have talked to him.

Signal Words

§ already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day (with reference to the past, not the present)

§ If-Satz Typ III (If I had talked, …)

Exercises

1.0 - Write the participle form (3rd form) of the regular verbs. Note the exceptions in spelling when adding ed.

push __________ carry _____________________cycle _________________

drop _________________play___________ empty ____________

close ___________dial ______________________sail_________________

2.0 - Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.

1. The pupils talked about the film they (watch) _________________________.

2. I was late for work because I (miss)_____________ the bus.

3. We lived in the house that my father (build)_______________________.

4. We admired the picture that Lucy (paint)______________________.

5. They watered the trees that they (plant)___________________.

6. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write)________________.

7. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order)______________.

8. I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock)__________________ over the flower pots.

9. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) ___________________ on a banana skin.

3.0 - Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple. Use the negative form.

1. In the shopping centre, I met a friend who I (see / not)____________________ for ages.

2. The thief could walk right into the house because you (lock / not)____________ the door.

3. We lost the match because we (practise / not)_________________ the days before.

4. At school, Jim quickly copied the homework that he (do / not)_________________.

5. We ate at a restaurant last night because I (buy / not)_______________ anything for dinner.

6. When we came back, it was cold in the house because Alice (close / not)________________ the windows.

7. All day long, Phil was angry with me just because I (greet / not)________________ him first.

8. When I met Jane at eleven o’clock, she (have / not)__________________ breakfast yet.

9. I couldn’t go to the cinema with my friends last night because I (finish / not)____________________ my homework yet.

10. Fred answered my question although I (ask / not)_________________________ him.

Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.

1. (what / Bob / do)___________________ that he was kept in after school?

2. (you / eat)____________________ anything before you went to the theatre?

3. (he / live)__________________ in London before he moved to Glasgow?

4. (she / find)__________________________ a new job by that time?

5. (they / book)________________ a room before they went to Dublin?

6. (how often / you / ring)________________ the bell before he answered the door?

7. (why / they / have)_________________ dinner before they came to the party?

8. (Carly / wash)_______________the dishes when her mum came home?

9. (you / read)____________________________the contract before you signed it?

10. (who / live)________________in the house before we moved in?

The First conditional

We use the First Conditional to talk about future events that are likely to happen.

If we take John, he'll be really pleased.
If you give me some money, I'll pay you back tomorrow.
If they tell us they want it, we'll have to give it to them.
If Mary comes, she'll want to drive.

The 'if' clause can be used with different present forms.

If I go to New York again, I'll buy you a souvenir from the Empire State Building.
If he's feeling better, he'll come.
If she hasn't heard the bad news yet, I'll tell her.

The "future clause" can contain 'going to' or the future perfect as well as 'will'.

If I see him, I'm going to tell him exactly how angry I am.
If we don't get the contract, we'll have wasted a lot of time and money.

The "future clause" can also contain other modal verbs such as 'can' and 'must'.

If you go to New York, you must have the cheesecake in Lindy's.
If he comes, you can get a lift home with him.

· First Conditional Exercise at Auto-English

IF + PRESENT SIMPLE , WILL + INFINITIVE

WILL + INFINITIVE + IF + PRESENT SIMPLE

1.0 - Fill the gap using the verb in brackets.Three gaps need a NEGATIVE verb and watch out for the third person S!

1	If Clare ___________________ late again, the hockey trainer will be furious. (to arrive)
2	You'll be sorry if you ___________________ for your exams. (to revise)
3	We ___________________ if the weather's good. (to go)
4	They ___________________ you if you wear a wig and dark glasses. (to recognise)
5	If the bus ___________________ on time, I won't miss the football. (to be)
6	If you ___________________ your homework now, you'll be free all tomorrow. (to do)
7	We___________________ out if there's no food at home. (to eat)
8	You'll find life much easier if you ___________________ more often. (to smile)
9	If it's hot, we___________________ for a swim. (to go)
10	You'll do it better if you ___________________ more time over it. (to take)
11	If she ___________________ practising, she'll get better. (to keep)
12	Mum will be very sad if Jim ___________________ Mother's Day again. (to forget)
13	I___________________ so happy if I pass the exam. (to be)
14	You'll be really tired tomorrow if you ___________________ to bed soon. (to go)
15	The government ___________________ the next election if they continue to ignore public opinion. (to lose)
16	If Valencia FC win the Spanish football league, I___________________ my hair blue. (to dye)
17	If someone ___________________ you a bike, you can come with us. (to lend)

2.0 - Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

a. We will pass (pass) the examination if we study hard.

b. If you ______________ (go) to see this film, you will have a good time.

c. If he _________________ (play) sport, he will live longer.

d. She _____________ (not be) an architect if she doesn’t go to university.

e. They _________________ (ring) us if we give them our phone number.

f. If we _______________ (not solve) the problem, we won’t get the prize.

3.0 - Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

a. If we (not go) now, we (miss) the bus. If we don’t go now, we will miss the bus.

b. You (be) tired if you (not sleep).

___________________________________________________________

c. If the Spanish team (get) to the final match, they (be) the World Champions.

___________________________________________________________

4.0 - Write sentences using the first conditional.

a. the weather / be good we / go /to the beach tomorrow.

If the weather is good, we will go to the beach tomorrow.

b. you / go / to school on foot you / be / late.

___________________________________________________________

c. I / have / money I / buy / you a present.

___________________________________________________________

d. I / do / my homework I / find / my notebook.

___________________________________________________________

e. My mum / give / me five pounds I / do / the washing-up.

___________________________________________________________

Will and going

Usa-se GOING TO:

§ quando se tem certeza do que vai acontecer, uma decisão já tomada.

Situação 1

§ What color are you going to paint your kitchen? (Que cor você vai pintar sua cozinha?)

§ I´m going to paint it white. (Vou pintá-la de branco.)

Situação 2

§ - What are you going to do after class tonight? (O que você vai fazer após a aula hoje à noite?)

§ - I´m going to stop by at my uncle´s house to pick up some books. (Vou passar na casa do meu tio para pegar alguns livros.)

para se fazer previsões sobre o que vai acontecer.

§ I think the concert is going to be good. (Acho que o show vai ser bom.)

§ I think it´s going to rain. (Acho que vai chover.)

Usa-se WILL:

com expressões como “I THINK”, “MAYBE”, “I´M SURE”.

§ I think you´ll do well on the test. (Acho que você irá bem na prova.)

§ Maybe I´ll go to the movies tonight. (Talvez eu vá ao cinema hoje à noite.)

§ I´m sure everything will be all right. (Tenho certeza de que tudo ficará bem.)

para se oferecer a fazer algo.

§ The phone´s ringing! (O telefone está tocando.)

§ Don´t worry, I´ll get it. (Não se preocupe, eu atendo.)

quando se resolve fazer algo na hora da fala.

§ Sir, will you have red wine or white wine? (O senhor aceita vinho tinto ou branco?)

§ Mmm, I´ll have red wine. (Mmm, aceito o vinho tinto.)

Well, I hope this tip will help you. If you have any doubts or questions, post your comments here and I’ll answer them ASAP (as soon as possible)!

Going to or Will ? Exercise at Auto-English

going to

-plans

-when you can see what's going to happen

will

-immediate decisions

-scientific predictions

Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the going to or will form of the future tense.

1	Sally: There's no milk left!
	Betty: Oh. I _______________ some from the shop. (get)
2	The population of Valencia _______________ 2 million by the year 2010. (reach)
3	Mum: I told you to tidy up your room.
	Son: Sorry, Mum, I forgot. I _______________ it after lunch.(do)
4	Sally: Why don't we meet for coffee on Friday morning?
	Willy: Sorry. I can't. I _______________ the doctor then. (see)
5	"Tomorrow _______________ a bright and sunny day everywhere in Spain, except in La Coruña," said the weatherwoman. (be)
6	Look at that big black cloud. I think it _______________ . (rain)
7	Sally: What are your plans for the week-end?
	Betty: Brad Pitt phoned. We _______________ on a picnic. (go)
8	Betty: Have you booked the flights yet?
	Sally: Don't worry. It's all organized. I _______________ to the travel agent's tomorrow morning. (go)
9	In the future people _______________ bigger heads. (have)
10	If we miss the bus, we _______________ a taxi. (take)
11	Next month I _______________ a DVD player. (buy)
12	When _______________ you _______________ another party? (have)
13	I've got to go to the dentist this morning. _______________ you _______________ with me? (come)
14	Oh no! I think I _______________ . (sneeze)

Voltar

Centro Cultural de Idiomas e Artes

Materiais dos Mini cursos

Mini cursos

Atenção abaixo estão os exercícios e teorias apresentados nos mini cursos ministrados na Cia Cultural. Quanto a ordem procurar por titulos o de seu interesse. Duvidas falar com Rita (3231 5248) ou na escola.

VERB TO BE (ser e estar) – PRESENT

Mini curso - Present perfect

Present Continuous

Mini curso – Verb to Can

Review - Simple present tense

Affirmative

Exercises

1.0 - Write the he/she/it form of there verbs

Boil – close – cost – cost – drink – go – have – like – meet – open – speak – teach – wash

VERB TO BE (ser e estar) – PRESENT

PRESENT PERFECT - O presente perfeito é marcado pela forma:

5.0 - Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.

Form of Past Perfect Simple

Exceptions in Spelling when Adding ed

Use of Past Perfect

Signal Words

Will and going